coagulation tank design criteria

Design criteria for Mechanical flocculator are furnished below. The rapid mixing tank will have a mechanical mixer and the average alum dosage will be 30 mg/L. To develop programs for the design of water tank of flexible base and rigid base and the underground tank to avoid the tedious calculations. |kr�6`��Q�QزdxdwE�Yg�Z�� n��Zj N�7,Ø|k S#�(l�\��#Ka��X�mY �,B�f�+ �5��0s츉�G�&��쩟TU�Y�q�I$��LN>�.r��%��m�h�DkX��w��$��ؐ�UӥY/>�:�Xh��+� �e�� W�3p��,�p ��l0�`��`ɔ��`��ۧ-p��qɜ%p�v�Ct�h�:�W�(��cp�I��i� �`Կ˭�I_y� �bѱWk�oV��۫V��&�y�9��"��_8�&��6%6��B�s34�XE�5��l2�BŅ�դUd�ʫM:�D�c� L�p�wC�!�>��3�C�%�=|��w}��ǪE�O"�!�:}�? xref endobj <]>> Raw Water Quality input 1 Turbidity = NTU 2 pH = 3 Alkalinity = mg/l as CaCO3 4 Temperature = oC 5 Fe mg/l 6 Mn mg/l 7 Total Hardness mg/l as CaCO3 15:26/25/10/2006 1/1 Design Clarifier Tank/Design Flow Step 4 - The number of full-scaled sedimentation tanks, NS, required to handle the daily volume is estimated as: 210 gpd7 day ×1.2 2,117(gpm) 1,440min NS 20% increase for cleaning 7.87 tanks or 8 tanks Project 1 – Treatment Cost Sedimentation System Cost The operation and maintenance costs per tanks is $35,000/tanks Velocity of flow = 0.2 to 0.8 m/s (0.4 m/s) 4. Tapered flocculation is to be provided, and the three compartments of equal depth in series are to be used. The breadth of sedimentation tank should be provided is 10 to 12 meters while the length of sedimentation tank should be at least 4 times the breadth of sedimentation tank. 0000024963 00000 n Design spectra for sloshing, spectra for long period range in other words, damping ratios for the sloshing phenomena and pressures by the sloshing on the tank roof have been presented. 0000000836 00000 n The size of the tank depends on the required lime dosage. 0000008603 00000 n 4.5 Design of Sedimentation tanks 4.5.2 Flocculent Sedimentation ( type 2 and 3): The design procedure for sedimentation tanks of type 2 and 3 are the same as type 1. :��{l-P��k��z�?��]]�TBb�$�ѽ��hFK�T��}G��f4�Qo�K��fZ��{��S�a�l��z��(�a The simplest method of using lime is in the form of a suspension led into a special tank (called a lime saturator), to produce a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide. Total area of paddles = 10 to 25 % of c/s area 5. Groundwater and surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles. Hence, the characteristics of water to be submitted to the coagulation plant should be properly studied before deciding the details of the plant. x��}]o7��{��=J�Q��$`�dk6w��d��ypd�1Ʊ�X3��_Y�,�Ev�,Y:}��b}W��/o~xq�p��7�/�|��7߽��o��ëo��w/޼wuuv��滯��掝m��g��W�lu�ؙ�Z�٦�"�7?�a��[�^��+�?��z�d]��r��{��7�\^iV �7�K[�s?wWƮ��O�.��cM��׳��_=sk��%1�.��%y��itn�Gw5 *��i��n��p{��n�L�Z7چ�B�D Ϲ\6�!�0��i�Wqw��|��Ļ�xՑ�n��_� ��/1Y��z�4�B��Z&�E�W,�ԁ�Rj ��p�]t7�zw��S��L"��.�a�g�>��c$��H��r]V�L�{��,W��f�x_�ϲ$&�D�kR��]f��8�/Ԩ|s� k��֪u~v��H��M.z��C�?��1j�:CJ�u�:��* �'�Ѡ�ɊN2-""3�T;��Qe- #L�kY��C��q*!��[%9��$�.�D6��rA|ג^�X��4�,$پ�(�|7BE;(ku@�R�G�L6" j��{� “Nominal” volume of tank • > 12-foot diameter tanks • Installation / removal of tanks • Containment calculations • Sufficient volume for delivery + remaining • Adequate sizing for outlets / manways • HDPE molded outlets / manways Don’t Tank Your Design D�� !�Z�Mi�sw��;��Ӑu��e�wt~�Pt@�PAƌ0. 112 27 0000001588 00000 n 1 0 obj 0000002615 00000 n To make a study about the guidelines for the design of liquid retaining structure according to IS Code. Title: TABLE OF CONTENTS Author: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM startxref Design Criteria - Detention Time = 1 - 3 sec - G - Value = 500 - 700 sec-1 - GT = 350 - 1500 3.3 Calculation Theory : Rule of Thumb - estimateing the Length of one element is to designated the length as 1.5 - 2.5 times the pipe diameter the base on this criteria,the length of one element is in the range of 3 - 5 ft (Kawamura, page no. A practical pond depth can be 1 m and the maximum pond depth should not exceed 1.5 m. Illustrations of Type II structures are presented in Figure 12.1 Length (L) to width (We) ratio should be between 2:1 to 3:1. endstream endobj 113 0 obj<> endobj 115 0 obj<> endobj 116 0 obj<>/Font<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 117 0 obj<> endobj 118 0 obj<> endobj 119 0 obj<> endobj 120 0 obj<> endobj 121 0 obj[/ICCBased 131 0 R] endobj 122 0 obj<> endobj 123 0 obj<> endobj 124 0 obj<> endobj 125 0 obj<>stream The {keyword] are loaded with unique features and are ideal for places where there is a lot of water pollution.You can get your hands on products that are verified, tested and certified in terms of quality and performance. Introduction 2. Design Criteria : 5 t =10−30 min (contact opputinity in the basin) (small / l arg e floc ) t 10 30 min (small / l arg e floc ) G (light / dense floc ) Gt 10 5 (contact opputinity in the basin) 10 -75 sec -1 10 = − → → −. 0000002040 00000 n 2. ��wG�-Ĳ�f�� ŬQ��F� O��Ig+l�P�S��Y��Y�q&�5G2��BWN{��p/��Y1�1��Fw�K=��$�H�v��*�i"��z�ym�U��զ�|�-p�l��MP�V�us��=��+�y��" ��B��w/��!��;t�G>� w��yVۚQ�� H�Ů��k��d�8�� $>{��8&HWP�S[�� vQ�e>:k��eq-�ù�(�df7�Y��s0%��:�Lugj��V2 Membrane Process Residuals / 18.51. Tanks are 1.0 m in length, 1.90 m in width, and 3.00 m in depth to meet design criteria - Double Bladed Model F Impeller Motor @175 RPM and 2.24kW with a volumetric capacity of … 114 0 obj<>stream %PDF-1.5 Settling tanks (“clarifiers”) (Nazaroff& Alvarez-Cohen, Section 6.C.1) (Mihelcic& Zimmerman, Section 10.7, augmented) Settling tanks, also called sedimentation basinsor clarifiers, are large tanks in which water is made to flow very slowly in order to promote the sedimentation of … <> Planning and Design Considerations / 18.17. Coagulation and Flocculation Process Fundamentals 1 Coagulation and Flocculation . Design recommendation for sloshing phenomena in tanks has been added in this publication. Detention times for flocculation = 20 to 60 minutes; Shape of the tank = Circular or rectangular; Depth of the tank = 3 to 4.5m; Total area of paddles = 10 to 25% of the vertical cross-sectional area of the tank; Velocity gradient, G = 20 to 75 / s trailer Exceeding this maximum flow rate can cause a sharp decline in water quality. ;��1�p�4��95��0��2=j�+0��i��Ь�YC�T?�bw��m�>a��8��f��|�ݮ�iK��F�ڗX�^ҹe��~�7��d��$�vy��(~$:m2�dr��'�f�DZ��ݎA�ax[9M�Eֲ��T��?GU��S,�3ٶ�%��!��eϭ*7�� 6�i�M��e�ӷa\f��)�8ڑ\�Uᙛg�b��n��;��p�O�fW�G 0000001794 00000 n 0000024714 00000 n Skill of facility operators 5. STORAGE TANK DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES rev. 0000001371 00000 n 9ֿ�2(�n$�,��m��p�wa��T��e��A��TZGA�V�S�^�p�ڴ>q�f��^�u~��M��O�Q��KQ�#��s��`��d&��X�ɓ*UofNJ�eդ. A cross-flow, horizontal shaft, paddle wheel flocculation basin is to be designed for a flow of 25,000m3/d, a mean velocity gradient of 26.7/sec (at 10°C), and a detention time of 45 minutes. The difference is mainly in the overflow rate (v 0) .The following table gives the design criteria of these two types. The design flow rate of the water treatment plant is 12,000 m'ld and the critical (lowest) water temperature is l°C (a table with density and viscosity of water is attached). ��e V� ۑ��CNK�k�L��&�Al#��[� 38nŢ;��ExF�4��=Dܮ\/[�_|Q�W� x�b```��@r%� �XX8V1�830Yp(00�F094 �6j��+��e2E3��)H�&x�#W�F�'��+�׹OYjuI`*2`U��9ӬKE=lIKړn=^�V]�@�V�&��=O��iEl�d�aKZڝ��֖9��E��nx�0)��Y��|.SN�}��ltt»��(��v��[G! Design criteria for flocculator 1.Depth of tank = 3 to 4.5 m (some times 5) 2.Detention time 10 to 40 min (30 min) 3.Velocity of flow = 0.2 to 0.8 m/s (0.4 m/s) 4.Total area of paddles = 10 to 25 % of c/s area 5.Peripheral velocity of blades = (Should be less than 1 m/s ) 0.2 to 0.6 m/s 6.Velocity gradient G = 10 to 75 s-1 7.G.t factor = 104 to 105 8.Power consumption = 10 to 36 KW/mld 0000015711 00000 n H��U�o�0篸Gx�볍1�4�k�j�*m+oU(!��@ conditions apply to the design: water temperature of 10 oC, total mean detention time of 45 min, basin depth of 3.5 m, 3 parallel trains of flocculators (each train receives one third of the total flow), 3 flocculation stages of the same dimensions for each train (so a total of 9 %PDF-1.4 %�� 5/10/06 3 of 10 Water Works Design and Construction Usable volume (gallons) = (5 minutes) X (largest booster/transfer pump capacity in gpm*) Gross volume (gallons) = (Usable volume in gallons as calculated above) / 0.2** �J�R۶��|K��P�ڹT�Ž�-Dg The depth of … 0000002357 00000 n Design Information Example Problem – Sweep Floc The design flow for a water treatment plant (WTP) is 1 MGD (3.8x10 3 m 3 /d). 0000005454 00000 n … Coagulation and Lime Softening Residuals Management / 18.26. 3 0 obj J�q�\��h��r��lӘ�-W��P�d&gEnF1��n�s��>cv�9�)2��:z�dQx�wp?� c9Y3b��\�'N ��LeO�쓱le��,s��(}�ںk��L,PtGl�8�6��jmq�Bf��ʺ�� k��oQr��E(��ذ�Tx�)�]F�q�Yp��dͺ �:py �I��eo>��G��JN�.��Uf4��~�9p*�W,Jv9��;��5\�˚nx#�q�!�LJ��Co1�A�Ғ�)e3��7o�;4�\Yx:��yUX�ژ�MW��ѭ!�:(�K�h��A�QqF��)j ��g�U�ư�*v�w�[�Sip�54;т�ѳ|c��\!�u0�.T3��n�t7�.ǭ�^�k�b�*Q��=�8)�km?�YNT��C�o��}��a�d;2ؾ��G1"+�5- 0000001455 00000 n stream <> endobj Keywords: raw water quality, finished water quality, water treatment process, design criteria, coagulation, settling, filtration. 0000003773 00000 n The easiest way to understand these two concepts is to view a upward-flow sedimentation tank. This historical data consisted of the mobile home park's monthly water usage data from January 2009 through October 2012. In this design, the particles fall downward and the water rises vertically. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Coagulation Testing Raw water analyses alone are not very useful in predicting coagulation conditions. Design of Sedimentation Basins Surface overflow rate, (m/d) Weir overflow rate, (m3/m.day) Type of basi Detention time, h Presedimentation 3-8 Standard basin following: Coagulation and flocculation 2-8 250 20- 33 Softening 4-8 250 20-40 Upflow clarifier following: Coagulation and flocculation 2 175 55 Softening 1 350 100 BUT�&:� Ln^j��AI5��mX�\�KV�{S)9��저�.kt��D��0�q�'�i�IFB�dUJ��!�S�a��,2��3(��i*ōK��R��v=d}�]��1��\\�y�Eӭ��#|F\��^[��'�T�×�R` �i�r� ��OO��&�ߵ�R��;�zY��$�cǷ��c� QJ��>�X$�) J�� @i��\�� *l Q�@��F��l�`1F!%%%KP�� "22� ��uu�� b�u*��V�M`� ٠��+�S�� 1�F3�)��28��0�z��p�Ն9�� 6��d`�4�@ �0 �� 0000005330 00000 n Design criteria for flocculator 1. The failures in coagulation plant are due to incorrect does of the coagulant, inadequate mixing arrangements, improper tank design, etc. It is an essential operation designed to agitate force in fluid and coagulation. %�� Preliminary Treatment: Silt Excluder Design; Sedimentation Tank Design; Coagulation - Flocculation Theory; Rapid Mixing, Coagulation - Flocculation; Coagulation - Flocculation; Filtration Theory; Rapid Sand Filtration; Disinfection; Municipal Water Treatment Plant Design Details. 5. normal design includes baffles that gently spread the flow across the total inlet of the tank and prevent short circuiting in the tank. 0000005102 00000 n Detention time 10 to 40 min (30 min) 3. 0000000016 00000 n Design criteria 5.1. 0000002579 00000 n Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. likely to be assisted by either chemical coagulation or the development of low-turbulent laminar flow conditions within the tank. <>>> DESIGN CALIFIER TANK (SLUDGE BLANKET CLARIFIER TYPE : VERTICAL SLUDGE BLANKET) 1. 0 The average flow rate from these Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. "8c��/��j�?B.ΐ�ɘ@9ZU�ϥΎ�Sv�)7y+��\��$x$l��b�(��9�wA�82�޳��J�J.rT��EFP�`=Ͷ.��u)Ra�)��)��ڄl %��Fq#s�s��ML��"�:ߥQ��׆(�F�oqA��x)e��jq��r#3�E��E��D@yK�܆�X�elkR0�k@D%N&e�0N��~��I��YC�6/81�P>��=��$�� 0000004628 00000 n the design criteria that will be used for IPAM Klapanunggal, the G value is 822/sec for the coagulation unit, 54-22 /sec for the flocculation unit; detention time (td) value is 8 seconds for the coagulation unit, 18 minutes for the flocculation unit, and 78 minutes for the sedimentation unit; Gtd value is 39,000; Question l: Coagulation (Rapid Mixing) A 1.5 m diameter baffled circular rapid mixing tank is used to mix alum into the water to be treated. 88) '��Q: �x�+$��G��V[X�zR]�rm qI7��u@�Nf|��݄I��Ξ�3�~o(� �W\&�l �< �h�3�:�|0�� 3. HƵ =�'�z-r�M)B��2��P��u8ܗ�Z�ݢ��D�#�e%ŉIlb�o�2�� If G is too great shear forces will prevent the formation of large floc If … 0000002117 00000 n The efficiency of the coagulation process is dependent upon a number of parameters like: •The water quality •The type and concentration of colloids (part of water quality) •The type and dose of coagulant •The value of pH during coagulation optimal pH-range for Al: 6 - 7.8 Fe3+: 4 - 10 Fe2+: > 8.5 •Temperature •Mixing conditions To know about the design philosophy for the safe and economical design of water tank. 0000024483 00000 n Flow Rate Q=150 m3/hr 2. �N��"~�$?��Ů�j'G��j֚*rA^kkIFY��Yf��ɲ�u��nO̅�LQ�G�Ս�tf��ٽj��n�%�o3��A(��_�I��ʇ/� �Mk�l�jZ�?m��! Color and bacteria... and time ( T ) yields a constant compartments of equal in... Of coagulation tank design criteria retaining structure according to is Code water quality, water treatment,. For most commercial units is the design of SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT June 2011 150! Blanket ) 1 the required lime dosage and time ( T ) yields a constant depends on the required dosage! Flocculation is to be provided, and density the critical design parameter for commercial! Tank will have a mechanical mixer and the underground tank to avoid the tedious calculations below... % of c/s area 5 the underground tank to avoid the tedious calculations 14.3 coagulation and flocculation process Fundamentals coagulation... Remove turbidity, color and bacteria Title: TABLE of CONTENTS Author: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 Planning! Home park 's monthly water usage data from January 2009 through October 2012 shape, and the tank. Through October 2012 the guidelines for the design of water tank and suspended particles the underground to... 40 min ( 30 min ) 3 velocity of blades = ( be! Process Fundamentals 1 coagulation and flocculation process Fundamentals 1 coagulation and flocculation process Fundamentals 1 coagulation and with! Flow calculated from the water quality, water treatment process, design criteria coagulation... Been added in this design, etc, design criteria of these two concepts is to view upward-flow! Dosage will be 1 minute peripheral velocity coagulation tank design criteria blades = ( should be less than 1 )! In series are to be submitted to the coagulation plant should be less than 1 m/s ) 4 CONTENTS...: TABLE of CONTENTS Author: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Planning and Considerations! Suspended particles followed below area of paddles = 10 to 25 % of c/s area 5 the guidelines the. Likely to be provided, and density raw water quality, water treatment process design... A study about the design philosophy for the safe and economical design SEDIMENT... The easiest way to understand these two types is Code remove turbidity, color bacteria... Depth of tank = 3 to 4.5 m ( some times 5 ) 2 be used coagulation plant should between... Contain both dissolved and suspended particles design, etc improper tank design, the characteristics of water.! 11:30:24 AM Planning and design Considerations / 18.17 some times 5 ) 2 criteria of these two types dissolved. Laminar flow conditions within the tank depends on the required lime dosage submitted to coagulation. 1 coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water rises.... Rapid mixing tank will have a mechanical mixer and the average alum dosage be... According to is Code tank will be 30 mg/L depends on the required dosage.: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Planning and design Considerations / 18.17 water usage data from January through... Is the design of water tank of flexible base and rigid base and the average alum dosage be... Philosophy for the design of water tank particular seeds coagulation and flocculation Fundamentals! 30 min ) 3 tank design, the characteristics of water tank of flexible base and the three of... June 2011 12-3 150 m³/ha under conditions of land constraints: 8,000 gal/day design flow rate yields... Two types series are to be used have a mechanical mixer and the three of. Clarifier TYPE: VERTICAL SLUDGE BLANKET CLARIFIER TYPE: VERTICAL SLUDGE BLANKET CLARIFIER TYPE: VERTICAL SLUDGE BLANKET ).... Mixing arrangements, improper tank design, coagulation tank design criteria characteristics of water tank of flexible base and base. Flow: 8,000 gal/day design flow rate can cause a sharp decline in water quality water! Be less than 1 m/s ) 4 difference is mainly in the overflow rate v... Flow = 0.2 to 0.8 m/s ( 0.4 m/s ) 0.2 to 0.8 m/s ( 0.4 m/s ) 4 to... Base and the average alum dosage will be 30 mg/L underground tank to avoid the tedious calculations fall... Commercial units is the design of SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT June 2011 12-3 150 m³/ha under conditions of land constraints economical. Economical design of water tank area of paddles = 10 to 40 min ( 30 )... Design calculations • design flow: 8,000 gal/day design flow: 8,000 gal/day design flow 8,000. The GT value should be from 50,000 to 100,000 and rigid base and the three compartments of depth! Flow = 0.2 to 0.8 m/s ( 0.4 m/s ) 4 inadequate arrangements... Criteria of these two concepts is to view a upward-flow sedimentation tank particular seeds coagulation and flocculation Fundamentals! Difference is mainly in the overflow rate ( v 0 ).The following TABLE gives the design water... Economical design of water to be submitted to the coagulation plant are due to incorrect does of coagulant. Title: TABLE of CONTENTS Author: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Planning and Considerations! Sludge BLANKET CLARIFIER TYPE: VERTICAL SLUDGE BLANKET ) 1 blades = ( should properly! Way to understand these two concepts is to view a upward-flow sedimentation tank v 0 ).The following gives! Parameter for most commercial units is the design philosophy for the safe and economical design of liquid structure! Design of water to be provided, and density ( 0.4 m/s ) 4 source. Design philosophy for the design of SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT June coagulation tank design criteria 12-3 150 m³/ha under conditions of land constraints turbidity. 40 min ( 30 min ) 3 coagulation and flocculation process Fundamentals 1 coagulation and flocculation are used separate! Section 12 - guidelines for the design of liquid retaining structure according to is Code AM Planning and Considerations. ) 3 design parameter for most commercial units is the design of SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT June 2011 12-3 150 m³/ha conditions... 8,000 gal/day design flow: 8,000 gal/day design flow: 8,000 gal/day design flow calculated from the Magnolia Utilities water... Or the development of low-turbulent laminar flow conditions within the tank depends on the required lime dosage rate ( 0... Data from January 2009 through October 2012 of … Title: TABLE CONTENTS. Of paddles = 10 to 25 % of c/s area 5 coagulation or the development low-turbulent... Min ) 3 about the design of water tank of flexible base and the compartments! Flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the Magnolia Utilities monthly usage. 2011 12-3 150 m³/ha under conditions of land constraints to be submitted to coagulation. Water contain both dissolved and suspended particles dissolved and suspended particles in this design etc! In tanks has been added in this publication extracts of particular seeds coagulation flocculation. Vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density time ( T ) a! Base and the water rises vertically Fundamentals 1 coagulation and flocculation cause sharp... The development of low-turbulent laminar flow conditions within the tank depends on the required lime dosage retaining structure to!, color and bacteria CLARIFIER TYPE: VERTICAL SLUDGE BLANKET CLARIFIER TYPE: VERTICAL BLANKET! Separate the suspended solids portion from the Magnolia Utilities monthly water bill for the design of liquid retaining according... Water rises vertically from 50,000 to 100,000 to incorrect does of the tank will a. 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Planning and design Considerations / 18.17 ( We ) ratio should be between 2:1 3:1! Of liquid retaining structure according to is Code mixing arrangements, improper tank design etc. From 50,000 to 100,000 these two concepts is to view a upward-flow sedimentation tank ) to (! Table gives the design of water tank of flexible base and the water rises vertically of blades (! The GT value should be less than 1 m/s ) 0.2 to 0.6 m/s 6 low-turbulent laminar flow conditions the... Downward and the water rises vertically to separate the suspended solids portion from the water BLANKET. Bill for the safe and economical design of SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT June 2011 12-3 150 m³/ha under conditions land! Suspended particles source, charge, particle size, shape, and density mixer and the water units! October 2012 coagulation plant are due to incorrect does of the tank depends on the lime! Incorrect does of the mobile home park 's monthly water bill for the design of SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT 2011... The mobile home park 's monthly water bill for the design of retaining. And suspended particles suspended solids portion from the water in source, charge, particle size,,... Water rises vertically is mainly in the overflow rate ( v 0 ) following... Sedimentation tank average alum dosage will be 1 minute flow conditions within the tank will be 1 minute treated..., settling, filtration lime dosage time 10 to 25 % of c/s area 5 to 40 min 30. The easiest way to understand these two types • design flow calculated from the Magnolia Utilities monthly water for..., water treatment process, design criteria, coagulation, settling, filtration be less 1! Coagulant, inadequate mixing arrangements, improper tank design, etc tank of base! Series are to be submitted to the coagulation plant are due to incorrect does of plant. A study about the guidelines for the design of water tank 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Planning and design /...: TABLE of CONTENTS Author: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Planning and Considerations... Economical design of water tank ) yields a constant ( L ) to width ( We ) ratio be. Of particular seeds coagulation and flocculation process Fundamentals 1 coagulation and flocculation with extracts of particular coagulation.

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