Both utilitarianism and deontology deal with the ethics and consequences of one’s actions and behavior despite the outcome. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. New Yorker writer Ingfei Chen observed that Fisher-Price had been required to recall a collapsible crib that was associated with 32 infant deaths. This ethical orientation uses processes and rules to guide ethical decisions. This article aims to defend a “Rossian” deontology of the kind that was first articulated by David Ross (1930). You can hack the network and cancel the launch, but it’s against your professional code of ethics to break into any software system without permission. Utilitarianism takes no account of integrity - the accidental act or one done with evil intent if promoting good ends is the good act! This statistic is up 61% from 2002-2007, perhaps reflecting an improvement of awareness and reporting. Is it always a consideration that buyers should take into account? [Reporting a concussion] doesn’t make you weak, it means you’re strong.” On the other hand, President Trump has stated that rule changes to diminish head injuries are “ruining the game.”, One scientist said: “Don’t forget there’s risk in everything we do. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/deontological-ethics, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Deontological Ethics. Actions that obey these rules are ethical, while actions that do not, are not. Ross distinguished those prima facie duties (such as promise keeping, reparation, gratitude, and justice) from actual duties, for “any possible act has many sides to it which are relevant to its rightness or wrongness”; and those facets have to be weighed before “forming a judgment on the totality of its nature” as an actual obligation in the given circumstances. In some cases, amber contains inclusions, such as insects, whole or parts of animals, and plants that are trapped and preserved. If you apply Systematic Moral Analysis to the question of whether or not it is moral to continue to support and/or play football, do you get different results for different league categories and age groups? Amber also plays an invaluable role in research. The term deontology is derived from the Greek deon, “duty,” and logos, “science.”, In deontological ethics an action is considered morally good because of some characteristic of the action itself, not because the product of the action is good. The term deontology comes from the Greek word deon, meaning duty. [49], The NFL has taken other concrete steps to respond to the controversy. [8] Such proteins develop in tangles that slowly strangle neurons and, consequently, inhibit brain function.[9]. [67] Adam M. Finkel & Kevin F. Bieniek, How Public Helath Science Evaluates Evidence, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 25(3): 564-589 (2019). Some of these are high impacts comparable to those experienced in high school and college games. It is made from the words deon, which means duty and logos, which stands for study or science. [86] Ted Tatos, Playing Games with College Athletes’ Lives, The American Prospect, May 20, 2020. Are the answers different for NFL players, college players, high school players, and under-14 players? Do you think this an ethical issue or just a policy issue? [28] Eamon T. Campolettano et al., Development of a Concussion Risk Function for a Youth Population Using Heal Linear and Rotational Acceleration, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 48(1): 92 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-019-02382-2. Its name comes from the Greek word deon, meaning duty. KANT’S OBJECTIONS TO UTILITARIANISM: 1. Copyright © 2020 Ethics Unwrapped - McCombs School of Business – The University of Texas at Austin, 8 short videos present the 7 principles of values-driven leadership from, https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/08/amber-fossil-supply-chain-has-dark-human-cost/594601/, https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(19)31097-8.pdf, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2019/07/fossil-bird-in-amber-has-unusually-long-toes/, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24232280-600-blood-amber-the-exquisite-trove-of-fossils-fuelling-war-in-myanmar/, https://dc.law.utah.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1121&context=ulr, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/05/fossils-burmese-amber-offer-exquisite-view-dinosaur-times-and-ethical-minefield, https://consult-myanmar.com/2018/07/11/myanmars-new-gold-mine-is-dinosaur-amber/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982216311939?via%3Dihub, https://business.financialpost.com/commodities/mining/dodging-rumour-and-insurgency-the-hunt-for-burmese-amber-goes-to-the-heart-of-myanmars-turbulent-north, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24232283-300-it-is-time-to-bring-global-attention-to-the-trade-in-burmese-amber/, https://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/index.html, https://www.cdc.gov/headsup/basics/concussion_whatis.html, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20370921, https://www.dispatch.com/news/20191124/student-athletes-still-reluctant-to-report-concussions-nationwide-childrens-study-finds, https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/15/health/concussion-high-school-sports-study/index.html, https://www.mlive.com/news/2019/11/what-parents-need-to-know-about-football-and-head-injuries.html, https://injuryprevention.bmj.com/content/24/3/180.full, https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/27372974/did-helmet-rule-actually-work-2018-how-change-2019, https://www.sportscasting.com/nfl-concussion-protocol-explained-how-does-it-work/, https://slate.com/culture/2015/12/the-truth-about-will-smiths-concussion-and-bennet-omalu.html, https://www.healthnewsreview.org/2018/01/sports-desks-drop-the-ball-on-big-concussion-story/, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precautionary_principle, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harm_principle, https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2020/04/07/oklahoma-states-mike-gundy-says-his-team-needs-play-benefit-state-economy/. [20] Philip H. Montenigro et al., Cumulative Head Impact Exposure Predicts Later-Life Depression, Apathy, Executive Dysfunction, and Cognitive Impairment in Former High School and College Players, Journal of Neurotraumua 34(2) (2017). But it also means disregarding the possible consequences of our actions when determining what is right and what is wrong. [65] Daniel Goldberg, What Does the Precautionary Principle Demand of Us? Is there a case to be made for “justified harm” in any of these leagues? [90] J.S. In one study, use of newly-designed football helmets and safe tackling techniques eliminated concussions for 20 middle school aged players for an entire season. Respecting a person's right to be involved in their own health care is embedded in the principle of autonomy. Ethicists Edward Spence defines ethics as 'a set of prescriptive rules, principles, values and virtues of character that inform and guide interpersonal and interpersonal conduct' (Spence and van Heekeren, 2005, p. 2). The word Deontology is derived from Greek. Descriptive of such ethics are such expressions as “Duty for duty’s sake,” “Virtue is its own reward,” and “Let justice be done though the heavens fall.”. [10] David W. Lawrence et al., Descriptive Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Injuries and Concussions in the National Football League, 2021-2014, Orthopedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 2015:3(5):2325967115583653. Deontologists believe that the goal of moral philosophy should be to figure out the “rules” for living a moral life and that once people know those rules they should follow them. Others suggest that the uncertainty favors taking actions now rather than waiting until too much damage is done, as happened with tobacco. Part of the reason is that “[m]ost of the time when a player has a concussion, standard medical imaging techniques do not show damage.”[31] No “gold standard” for diagnosing concussions currently exists. Ethics, Population Health Policy, and Sports-Related TBI, in Sociolcultural Examinations of Sports Concussions (Matt Ventresca & Mary McDonald eds, 2020). This approach tends to fit well with our natural intuition about what is or isn’t ethical. Deontology is the ethical theory that sees morality as doing one’s duty by following rules, without considering the probable consequences of one’s actions. [2] Steve Almond, Is It Immoral to Watch the Super Bowl?, New York Times, Jan. 24, 2014; Pamela R. Sailors, Personal Foul: An Evaluation of the Moral Status of Football, Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, 42(2): 269-286 (2015). 4. And concussion recurrence has been reduced, most likely by protocols guiding when it is safe to return to play. [54] Marc Siegel, Concussions and Football: New Helmets, New Tools, The Hill, Aug. 19, 2019. Discussion Questions on High Schools & Colleges, Discussion Questions on Youth Leagues (Under 14). Don’t cheat.” Deontology is simple to apply. Despite their heightened susceptibility to concussions, youth football players rarely sustain concussions because they are lighter and collide with less force than older players. Russell, The Value of Dangerous Sport, Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, 32: 1-19 (2005). Deontology derives from the Greek word “deon,” meaning duty or obligation. The Kachin Independence Army, which includes ethnic minorities who live in the northern Kachin and surrounding regions of Myanmar, has been in armed conflict with the Myanmar government for the restoration of minority ethnic groups’ rights. Not letting their kids ride a bike we just need to kind of put it in context. ” syndrome—do. Means 'duty ' and more with flashcards, games, and why in their health... 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