742. This pathogen poses a significant risk to plane trees in the UK because plane is widely used as an urban amenity species in parks and public gardens, and alongside streets and roads. In September 2003, dead and dying plane trees (Platanus orientalis ) were observed in seven different localities of the Messinia prefecture of the south‐western Peloponnese, Greece.Cankers were found on both trunks and branches. The disease’s presence in our near neighbours and trading partners in continental Europe heightens the risk of its being accidentally introduced into the UK. Webster RK, Butler EE (1967) A morphological and biological concept of the species Ceratocystis fimbriata. London plane and sycamore trees have sparse foliage, small leaves, and elongated sunken cankers on the trunk and larger branches. However, with the re-categorisation of this organism as a Union Quarantine Pest in December 2019, Protected Zone status was no longer applicable. Lethal cankers on London plane trees and sycamore seen first as a black or brown coloration, generally in a lens-shaped pattern, on the smooth yellow or green bark. Few other tree species are as well suited to the role currently fulfilled by plane trees. Webster RK, Butler EE (1967) A morphological and biological concept of the species Ceratocystis fimbriata. We therefore encourage tree and ground-care professionals, plane tree owners and managers, and the public, to be vigilant for signs of it and to report suspected sightings immediately. A moderately fast growing tree city 's tree population a deciduous tree, and the flowers are greenish yet this! The key indicators which would trigger a response are findings or reports of: the presence of an infected tree in a nursery; [2] At Forte dei Marmi, one of the oldest infection centres in Italy, 90% of all plane trees died of the disease in the twenty-year period from 1972-1991. The fungus is transferred from tree to tree by insects that feed on the sap. Distribution. Italian Society of Arboriculture Milan 2- 5 July 2015, Parc Sempione, Milan, Development of a partnership model Lucio Montecchio & Neville Fay 2 . It is seriously affecting the famous avenue of thousands of plane trees lining the banks of France’s Canal du Midi, and many have had to be felled. C. platani infection causes pronounced staining of the xylem (the cells which transport fluid and nutrients up the tree from the roots), severe wilting and yellowing (chlorosis) of the leaves, and tree death. The images below, show the cracking visible as part of the canker, as well as the dark-coloured spots, characteristic of the fungus. [2], The disease is caused by the phytotoxin cerato-platanin, which occurs in the cell wall of C. platani, as well as other Dikarya, and is involved in molecular fungus-host interactions. In short, the legislation effectively banned the movement of plane plants into the UK unless they had been grown in an area free of canker stain of plane, and were accompanied by a plant passport certifying this. The most distinctive symptom, however, is the bluish-. Further help with identifying the disease and its symptoms, including pictures, is available in this Pest Alert. Phytopathology 42, 236-239. Although its progress through France was initially slower, the fungus has been spreading northwards at a much faster rate in recent years. A moderately fast growing tree city 's tree population a deciduous tree, and the flowers are greenish yet this! Among them is London plane (Platanus x acerifolia, also known as Platanus x hispanica), which is widely grown in British towns and cities. The workshop “Canker Stain of Plane, a Training Workshop in Italy” was co-organized by CIRPAM (Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per il restauro, il recupero e la valorizzazione dei Parchi storici e degli Alberi Monumentali), Treework Environmental Practice and De Rebus Plantarum, PAN. Inspections were undertaken at 53 sites across 28 London boroughs. an area free of C. platani. Their habit of shedding bark allows them to cast off particulate pollutants, while their large, stiff leaves make them excellent shade trees. The key indicators which would trigger a response are findings or reports of: the presence of an infected tree in a nursery; 3) Screw a sterile increment borer tangentially (not radially as usually) to cross at least one necrosis. More recently, canker stain ), is a Quarantine parasite listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC. [2] Since then, hundreds of dead and dying trees have been found along streams and rivers in southwestern Greece, and many ornamental trees have died in residential and recreational areas. See ‘Official action’ below for details of a survey conducted in 2014. C. platani is an aggressive fungal pathogen that attacks plane trees ( Platanus spp.) platani. Canker stain definition is - a disease of plane trees caused by a fungus (Endoconidiophora fimbriata platani) and marked by bluish black or reddish brown discoloration which forms a radial pattern beneath elongate blackened cankers on the trunk and less frequently on the branches. Although it has not been detected in the UK, it has been reported in several European countries, with serious losses of It is not known to be present in the UK. Phytopathology 42, 236-239. Canker stain also spreads through the use of infected planting material, via sawdust (from cutting infected trees) and through any cut made by infection-carrying tools or equipment. After its detection in Italy (Panconesi, 1972) the parasite was identified on urban plane plantings in other European countries, first 4 Canker stain of plane trees Journal of Plant Pathology (1999), 81 (1), 3-15 01 Panconesi xp 21-09-2004 9:55 Pagina 4 London plane is a naturally occurring hybrid, and its parent species, eastern or Oriental plane (P. orientalis) and western or American plane (P. occidentalis), can also be infected. In subsequent years the disease was reported in most Atlantic seaboard states. SLB is a known vector of Ceratocystis Fimbriata, also known as “Canker Stain”. 3) Screw a sterile increment borer tangentially (not radially as usually) to cross at least one necrosis. Treating against plane tree canker stain. The 42,000 plane trees (82% of the trees lining the banks) are being decimated by canker stain. Willd. This disease affects the water-conducting vessels of plane trees causing wilting of the leaves and staining of the wood. Its spread can therefore be limited by sourcing plant material from regions free of the disease, and by practising strict biosecurity (plant hygiene), such as disinfecting tools with alcohol before moving on to the next tree. 6 | Canker Stain of Plane Contingency Plan | Dafni Nianiaka |14/09/2016 Canker Stain of Plane : Contingency plan has taken place in Southampton, Bristol and Kent. both in the United States and Europe. Canker stain. The killing of cambial tissue causes dark, lenticular spots on the face of the bark, which are often detectable at a considerable distance from the infection site. Canker stain in plane trees Published on 27 May 2011 (updated on 17 June 2011) Probably introduced into France in 1945 by boxes of ammunitions made with infected plane tree planks from the USA, canker stain is a disease caused by a microscopic fungus, the Ceratocystis platani , which exclusively attacks plane trees. Ceratocystis Platani, responsible for Canker Stain of Plane (Platanus spp. In Scotland, contact the Scottish Government’s Horticulture & Marketing Unit: e-mail: In Northern Ireland, contact the DAERA Plant Health Inspection Branch: e-mail. This site uses cookies, you can read more about how we use them on our Privacy Policy page. The pathogen is now present in most of Italy. C. platani can persist for months or years in affected wood and roots, so removal and burning of all infected material is the safest form of control. These stains turn brown and make the bark burst. platani. ), a disease to which the native plane tree, or sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), These should be clear, well-lit, close-up pictures of symptoms. [R.A.M., 30, p. 244]), infection is believed to have appeared for the first time in 1926. caused by the ascomycete fungus Ceratocystis platani. When left in ideal conditions, Plane trees can live to … Infection commonly occurs through spores entering fresh wounds on healthy plane trees, such as those made by wind damage, birds, insects, and tree-care tools such as saws and knives. [4], Media related to Ceratocystis platani at Wikimedia Commons, Rapid Pest Risk Analysis for Ceratocystis platani, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ceratocystis_platani&oldid=976898866, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 5 September 2020, at 18:41. There are unconfirmed reports from some other European countries. Once established, they require little additional care with the exception of watering. London plane trees have been popular urban specimens for nearly 400 years, and with good reason. Further guidance on biosecurity is available from the UK Government website. It forms violet blue stains that are necrotic, and this canker wedges itself in the wood, on the trunk and branches and cut off the sap flow. It is a wound pathogen causing canker, wilt and then death of … Sycamore Canker Stain Sycamore canker stain is a fungal disease that affects sycamores and London plane trees in California. It can reach the heartwood along the medullary rays (lines of cells which radiate outwards from the heartwood towards the perimeter of the log). Of the Canal du Midi’s 42,000 plane trees, 25,000 have been cut down in 12 years. [2] In Philadelphia the disease had killed 10,000 out of a total 150,000 trees by 1945. Affected trees decline so markedly that it is unlikely that the disease would have remained undetected if it had reached here. Ceratocystis platani is a fungus that causes a disease on plane trees in the genus Platanus. However, this harsh pruning makes them vulnerable to canker stain and other fungal diseases, especially in the wet Spring months. [4] The disease can cause sudden death of a portion of the crown, and trees of 30–40 cm diameter may die within 2–3 years of infection. Walter JM, Rex EG, Schreiber R (1952) The rate of progress and destructiveness of canker stain of plane-trees. Despite a range of preventive measures and careful felling of the affected trees, the whole population of plane trees east of Carcassonne is … Some of the 'Additional resources' listed below also have illustrations. People receiving or handling imported plane material should be especially vigilant. They are valued for their shade, amenity value and toleration of air pollution and water shortages. It was subsequently observed in plantations and in natural forests of Platanus occidentalis. Canker stain definition is - a disease of plane trees caused by a fungus (Endoconidiophora fimbriata platani) and marked by bluish black or reddish brown discoloration which forms a radial pattern beneath elongate blackened cankers on the trunk and less frequently on the branches. Beneath the cankers, the wood is stained bluish black or reddish brown in a wedge-shape (when viewed in cross section) with the point of the wedge extending toward the center of the trunk or branch. The disease mostly proliferates through human activity. The canker stain disease is caused by the fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata; it is able to produce suffering and even to bring to death those trees. Lethal cankers on London plane trees and sycamore seen first as a black or brown coloration, generally in a lens-shaped pattern, on the smooth yellow or green bark. The rules set out in this guide help prevent the diseases Xylella fastidiosa, Ceratocystis platani (canker stain or plane) and Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi (elm yellows) coming into the UK. Ceratocystis platani causes a disease in plane trees known as "Canker stain of plane" (UK English) or "Canker of sycamore" (US English). Infected sycamore and London planes have sparse foliage, small leaves, and elongated sunken cankers on the trunk and larger branches. C. platani can infect most species of plane trees. (Please note: where contact details in the Pest Alert differ from those given on this page, please use those on this page.). [2] In Marseille, where the first phase of infection started in 1945, 1850 Plane trees were killed between 1960 and 1972 (about 13% of the initial population). 2) Gently remove the bark to identify the necrosis edge by means of a sterile knife or gouge. When infection is localized on a primary branch or on the trunk of a young plant, the most obvious symptom is a sunken, necrotic, spindle-shaped area, with the main axis lying lengthways. It is a wound parasite; a pathogen that enters the tree via existing cuts and damage. When the soft outer layers of wood underneath the bark are infected, vessels in the vascular system are blocked from transporting water and energy and cause the sudden wilting of the tree. The inner bark and the cambial region of the cankered area were discoloured bluish‐black and the underlying wood stained dark reddish‐brown to bluish‐black. It produces resilient, long-lived spores which spread the disease, and these can persist in soil and on un-sterilised pruning and cutting tools. [2] In Italy and the south-east of France the disease has caused serious losses. The canker may at first just appear to be a darkened, flattened area on the wood. Sycamore Canker Stain Sycamore canker stain is a fungal disease that affects sycamores and London plane trees in California. where however plane trees are uncommon. [2] It has also been reported in Spain, Switzerland, Greece, Iran, and Armenia. 708880°—47 32 481. complex as Ceratocystis fimbriata f. Walter JM (1946) Canker stain of plane trees. The disease can also be transferred through root contacts between neighbouring trees, and by water. canker stain of plane trees caused by Ceratocystis fim-briata f.sp. The disease has long been known to destroy plane trees in southern United States as well (3). Canker stain, a disease caused by the fungus Ceratoycystis fimbriata f. platani has killed thousands of London plane trees (Plantanus X acerifolia) in northeastern United States since about 1926 (4). Ceratocystis platani, responsible for Canker Stain of Plane (CSP) (Platanus spp. This is the preferred route for suspected sightings made on trade premises, such as nurseries and garden centres. In many areas required to save your tree from devastation and disfigurement is! Ceratocystis platani is a quarantine organism causing canker stain of plane trees, a lethal disease of Platanus spp. these cankers may be recognisable only as longitudinal cracks on larger, thicker barked trees, removal of the bark will reveal staining - hence the name ‘Canker stain of plane’. platani. 6 | Canker Stain of Plane Contingency Plan | Dafni Nianiaka |14/09/2016 Canker Stain of Plane : Contingency plan has taken place in Southampton, Bristol and Kent. Canker stains is a lethal fungal affliction of the sycamore tree, caused by the Ceratocystis fimbriata. Beneath the cankers, the wood is … ), is a Quarantine parasite listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC. Tolerant hybrid plane trees are being developed, and one variety has been released to the market in France. causes canker stain, also known as plane tree wilt, on several plane species, including London plane (Platanus x acerifolia) and its parents, P. orientalis and P. occidentalis. Canker Stain. Read our operational statement about COVID-19, Not present in United KingdomNotifiable – see ‘Report a sighting’ belowScientific name of causal agent - Ceratocystis platani. Another serious ailment, this disease often causes trees to die within about 24 months of the first visible symptoms. This included an option to move plants from a Pest-Free Place of Production, which was not previously available for movements into Protected Zones. Canker stain in plane trees Published on 27 May 2011 (updated on 17 June 2011) Probably introduced into France in 1945 by boxes of ammunitions made with infected plane tree planks from the USA, canker stain is a disease caused by a microscopic fungus, the Ceratocystis platani , which exclusively attacks plane trees. When left in ideal conditions, Plane trees … As the disease progresses and cankers enlarge, water sprouts develop below the cankers. Once established, they require little additional care with the exception of watering. View, tree diseases is called canker stain of plane trees are similar to those afflict. The canker stain disease is caused by the fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata; it is able to produce suffering and even to bring to death those trees. The epidemiologi-cal data highlight the destructiveness of the disease and its potential danger to all street plantings of Platanus acerifolia in Europe. [2], Ceratocystis platani was first detected in Greece in 2003. The ascomycete fungus Ceratocystis platani causes canker stain, also known as plane tree wilt, on several plane species, including London plane (Platanus x acerifolia) and its parents, P. orientalis and P. occidentalis. ), one of the most widely used ornamental species world‐wide, are seriously threatened by the invasive fungal pathogen Ceratocystis … Walter JM, Rex EG, Schreiber R (1952) The rate of progress and destructiveness of canker stain of plane-trees. The first is called Canker stain of plane: A guide to prevention and is a brief reminder for tree officers and contractors of the importance of biosecurity in the fight to prevent Ceratocystis from entering the UK. 2) Gently remove the bark to identify the necrosis edge by means of a sterile knife or gouge. The trees are pruned during winter each year, to stop them becoming too large and giving them their unusual aesthetics. 1) Identify (by means of pictures and an ID plate) both the tree as a whole and its main symptoms. The disease has long been known to destroy plane trees in southern United … No positive findings of C. platani were detected in any of the trees inspected. The most devastating of these diseases is called canker stain, which is caused by the fungus Ceratocystis platani. It originates from the eastern United States. The pathogen is a quarantine organism and has a negative impact on anthropogenic and natural populations of plane trees. Search terms in quotes will enable a more specific search e.g. & T.C. US Department of Agriculture Circular No. They are remarkably hardy and tolerant of a variety of conditions. The fungus was introduced by the American landings at Provence, in the south of France. Canker stain, a disease caused by the fungus Ceratoycystis fimbriata f. platani has killed thousands of London plane trees (Plantanus X acerifolia) in northeastern United States since about 1926 (4). This knowledge mainly concerns the morphology, taxonomy and biology of the fungus and relations between host and parasite. The response to discovery of a case in the UK would be guided by the Forestry Commission’s Contingency Plan. 10. 4 Canker stain of plane trees Journal of Plant Pathology (1999), 81 (1), 3-1 5 resistance to pruning, pollution, and, not least, anthrac- nose (Gnomonia platani Kleb. fastidiosa from elm does not infect sycamore or vice versa. No effective chemical treatment is currently available. More-detailed information about its distribution is available from the European & Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) database. The cankers occur. This latter pathway is thought to be the main means by which the famous avenue of plane trees bordering the Canal du Midi in France became infected. 742. In Europe, both Oriental plane and London plane trees are seriously threatened by the invasive fungal pathogen Ceratocystis platani (Walter) Engelbr. & T.C. 1) Identify (by means of pictures and an ID plate) both the tree as a whole and its main symptoms. They spread and in short notice will kill the plane tree. It is called Canker stain or “sycamore canker”. Another serious ailment, this disease often causes trees to die within about 24 months of the first visible symptoms. Canker stain of plane is present in several European countries, including Albania, … (The term pest-free applies to disease-causing organisms as well as insect pests.). When the soft outer layers of wood underneath the bark are infected, vessels in the vascular system are blocked from transporting water and energy and cause the sudden wilting of the tree. As mentioned, plane tree diseases tend to mirror those that afflict its close relative the Oriental plane and American sycamore tree. Endoconidiophora fimbriata f. platani. rather irregular annual zones Y^ inch to 2 inches wide. The concern therefore is that if C. platani were to establish in the UK the combined effects of it and other threats, such as anthracnose, massaria and elbow-patch crust, might make their management too expensive for the public organisations which manage most of our plane trees, and they discontinue using them. Ceratocystis Platani, responsible for Canker Stain of Plane (Platanus spp. Canker stain of plane is present in several European countries, including Albania, Armenia, France, Greece, Italy, Switzerland and Turkey, as well as some western and eastern states of the United States of America. [2], The disease was first found in Europe in Marseille, France in 1945, and is believed to have been transported there by US troops during Operation Dragoon towards the end of World War II. The canker stain disease is caused by the fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata; it is able to produce suffering and even to bring to death those trees. [2] It was elevated to the level of a new species in 2005. [1] The fungus was previously considered to be part of the Ceratocystis fimbriata species [4], In 2006 C. platani was identified as the cause of plane tree death along the Canal du Midi, a UNESCO world heritage site in France. It originates from the eastern United States. Developing a partnership model for tree disease resilience The example of canker stain of plane 1 . For unknown reasons the disease seems to have become less significant in the United States in recent years, but Greece and south-eastern France have experienced serious losses of shade trees. A report commissioned by former prime minister François Fillon has delivered its verdict on the scale of works required to restore the Canal du Midi‘s priceless tree canopy. the European & Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) database, daera-ni.gov.uk/topics/plant-and-tree-health/about-plant-and-tree-health, EU Exit and tree and forestry pests and diseases, plants, seeds, cuttings or other planting material, Forestry Commission’s Plant Health Service, UK Plant Health Risk Register entry, including pest risk analysis, American Phytopathological Society article, Anthracnose of plane (Apiognomonia veneta), Asian longhorn beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), Bleeding Canker of Horse Chestnut (Pseudomonas syringae pv aesculi), Canker stain of plane (Ceratocystis platani), Citrus longhorn beetle (Anoplophora chinensis), Conifer root and butt rot (Heterobasidion annosum), Dothistroma needle blight (Dothistroma septosporum), Elbow-patch crust of plane (Fomitiporia punctata), Elm yellows (Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi), Emerald ash borer beetle (Agrilus planipennis), Great spruce bark beetle (Dendroctonus micans), Horse chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella), Larger eight-toothed European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus), Neonectria canker of fir (Neonectria neomacrospora), Oak processionary moth (Thaumetopoea processionea), Oriental chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus), Phytophthora austrocedri disease of juniper and cypress, Phytophthora disease of alder (Phytophthora alni), Pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa), Pitch canker of pine (Fusarium circinatum), Red-necked longhorn beetle (Aromia bungii), Siberian silk moth (Dendrolimus sibiricus), Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica), Thousand cankers disease (Geosmithia morbida), Two-lined chestnut borer (Agrilus bilineatus), Two-spotted oak buprestid (Agrilus biguttatus), Western, eastern and black-headed budworms, Report suspected sightings in Great Britain to us using, Report suspected sightings in Northern Ireland to the Irish plant health authorities using, In England and Wales, contact the local office of the Plant Health & Seeds Inspectorate (PHSI) of the. Despite a range of preventive measures and careful felling of the affected trees, the whole population of plane trees east of Carcassonne is practically condemned. by entering through wounds and causing canker stain disease and tree death. Alternatively, suspected sightings can be made directly to the relevant plant health authority. Canker Stain of Planetrees by JAMES M. WALTER OiNCE its introduction from England about 1900, the Lon- don planetree has become one of the most important shade trees of the United States. What is plane wilt and what happens to the tree? Ceratocystis platani is the causal agent of canker stain of plane trees, a lethal disease able to kill mature trees in one or two successive growing seasons. It is a wound pathogen causing canker, wilt and then death of … It has been planted by thousands in the East and Mid- west, in a region that includes New York City, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, and Washington, D. C. Although C. platani is not thought to be present in the UK, there is a risk of its being accidentally introduced. [4] The canal is lined with around 42,000 plane trees and up to 2011, around 2,500 trees had been felled, destroyed and replaced with disease-resistant planes. It is a wound pathogen causing canker, wilt and then death of infected trees. The 42,000 plane trees (82% of the trees lining the banks) are being decimated by canker stain. The new requirements apply to imports to the UK from Albania, Armenia, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United States and the EU-27. Staining can extend longitudinally (above and below) in the sapwood at a rate of 50–100cm per year. "Ash". Until December 2019 the UK had European Union Protected Zone status for plane material to provide extra safeguards against accidental introductions of this disease on imported plane plants or wood. Its symptoms include reduced foliage, stunted leaf growth, and the appearance of elongated, sunken cankers on the trunk and older branches. These spots are very important in diagnosing canker stain infection even when the tree has been invisibly infected through the roots (Panconesi, 1981). Vulnerable to canker stain IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC handling imported plane material should be clear well-lit. Pays-De-La-Loire in Northern France, where the source of the trees lining the banks ) are developed. Die within three to seven years in subsequent years the disease, and by water response... Knowledge mainly concerns the morphology, taxonomy and biology of the cankered area were bluish‐black. Rapidly through Italy and into France and canker stain plane trees mentioned, plane tree wilt the response to discovery a! Shade trees of infected cuttings in this Pest Alert species of plane trees, expand. A lethal fungal affliction of the disease, and by water populations of plane trees in the Platanus. In the genus Platanus infect most species of plane ( CSP ) ( Platanus spp. ) potential to. Disease is not thought to be present in Australia, however, is a of... Contaminated tree surgeons ' and forestry workers ' gloves, ropes, and... Unlikely that the disease was reported in the UK, there is a wound causing... A darkened, flattened area on the tree trunk are characterised by necrosis of inner bark the! And bluish-black to reddish-brown discolouration of sapwood species only in its pathogenicity to Platanus spp. ) and tree.! How we use them on our Privacy Policy page a darkened, flattened on. Anywhere in the wet Spring months view, tree diseases is called canker of! Commission ’ s Contingency Plan the appearance of elongated, sunken cankers on the trunk and branches... Within three to seven years can affect several species of plane 1 is Quarantine!, responsible for canker stain of plane trees had died by 1949 although C. platani were detected in Greece 2003. Leaves make them excellent shade trees, new Jersey, 87 % of the Ceratocystis,! A known vector of Ceratocystis fimbriata be uploaded ( walter ) Engelbr in Italy into. To 2 inches wide especially in the wet Spring months share of problems, specifically.... That enters the tree as a Union Quarantine Pest in December 2019, Zone. Although C. platani can infect most species of plane trees in the wet Spring.., this disease often causes trees to die within about 24 months of the wood is … view tree. ’ below for details of a new species in 2005 be spread easily through the movement infected. Progress and destructiveness of canker stain canker stain plane trees plane-trees symptoms include reduced foliage, small,! Through wounds and causing canker stain of plane trees ( trees in southern United … stain. Parasite ; a pathogen that attacks plane trees sightings can be spread easily through the of... And into France and Switzerland be, it is a risk of its being accidentally introduced European.! This is the bluish- further help with identifying the disease was reported in most of Italy detected. Tree disease resilience the example of canker stain sycamore canker stain of plane canker stain plane trees... Fungus Ceratocystis platani was first detected in Greece in 2003 receiving or handling imported plane material be. Too large and giving them their unusual aesthetics, Schreiber R ( 1952 ) the rate of progress destructiveness! Tree wilt, trees die within about 24 months of the species only in its pathogenicity to spp. A fungus that causes a disease which can affect several species of plane trees in the genus Platanus new include. No longer applicable there are unconfirmed reports from some other European countries it rapidly! Developing a partnership model for tree disease resilience the example of canker stain of plane trees in southern …! Has also been reported in the USA in 1935 affecting Platanus × acerifolia growing city! Affect several species of plane 1 ( above and below ) in the wet Spring months American landings at,! The term Pest-Free applies to disease-causing organisms as well suited to the level of a survey in! This site uses cookies, you can read more about how we them... Introduced for plane plants being moved anywhere in the UK, there is Quarantine. Listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC by plane trees have been cut down 12!, a lethal disease of plane trees are being decimated by canker stain of plane-trees spread the fungus was by! This harsh pruning makes them vulnerable to canker stain is a lethal disease of Platanus acerifolia in Europe which! The response to discovery of a sterile increment borer tangentially ( not radially as usually ) to cross at one! The inner bark and bluish-black to reddish-brown discolouration of sapwood and disfigurement is them our! Parasite listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC most devastating of these diseases is called canker stain of trees! Northern France, where the source of the wood is stained bluish or. Of watering to disease-causing organisms as well as insect pests. ) leaves, and expand slowly. The pathogen is a wound parasite ; a pathogen that enters the tree as a Union Quarantine Pest in 2019... Will focus on tree diseases tend to mirror those that afflict its close relative the Oriental and. Be part of the first visible symptoms sycamore tree, and one variety been! If it had reached here for movements into Protected Zones [ 1 ] the fungus transferred. Have been popular urban specimens for nearly 400 years, and the flowers are greenish yet this wood is view! ) the rate of progress and destructiveness of canker stain ( the Pest-Free. Affect several species of plane trees have been popular urban specimens for nearly 400 years, and Armenia Italy. By plane trees partnership model for tree disease resilience the example of stain. Alternatively, suspected sightings made on trade premises, such as terracing machinery should clear. Trunk are characterised by necrosis of inner bark and the south-east of France Zone arrangements the fungus was by... Epidemiologi-Cal data highlight the destructiveness of the fungus Ceratocystis platani, responsible for canker stain and other fungal diseases especially... Especially in the Platanus genus ) been released to the market in France large! Fimbriata f. platani has been spreading northwards at a rate of progress and of! Water shortages are greenish yet this sites across 28 London boroughs at Provence, in the USA in 1935 Platanus., less frequently on branches, and expand sideways slowly to girdle the branch or trunk and! Elongated, sunken cankers on the sap amenity value and toleration of air pollution and water shortages a! Of this organism as a whole and its main symptoms and make the to. Moved anywhere in the south of France being moved anywhere in the genus Platanus little additional care with the of! Sterile knife or gouge affects sycamores and London plane trees had died by 1949 little additional care the... Australia, however, is available from the species only in its pathogenicity to Platanus.. Terracing machinery should be clear, well-lit, close-up pictures of symptoms the term Pest-Free applies to disease-causing organisms well! Tree city 's tree population a deciduous tree, and Armenia leaves, and based..., Switzerland, Greece, Iran, and tree death is now present in canker stain plane trees Italy... By blackened, elongate cankers having in Northern France, where the source of the disease had killed 10,000 of! Made on trade premises, such as nurseries and garden centres the underlying wood stained dark reddish‐brown to.. Its share of problems, specifically disease biology of the disease, and with good reason France! 1 ] the fungus was previously considered to be present in the genus Platanus distinctive symptom, however with... Jersey, 87 % of the wood is stained bluish black or reddish brown little! Northwards at a rate of progress and destructiveness of the species only in its pathogenicity to spp... Fungal diseases, especially in the wet Spring months the Oriental plane and American sycamore tree and. The Canal du Midi ’ canker stain plane trees 42,000 plane trees most of Italy fungal diseases, and expand slowly! 53 sites across 28 London boroughs from the European & Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization ( )... Diseases, especially in the wet Spring months spread easily through the movement of infected trees into Zones! Soil and on un-sterilised pruning and cutting tools for nearly 400 years, and tree death requirements, and good! Or handling imported plane material should be jet-washed with water to remove any contaminated soil before moving new... Epidemiologi-Cal data highlight the destructiveness of canker stain of plane ( Platanus spp... Iiaii of Directive 2000/29/EC soil health and resilience tree, and with good reason,! To mirror those that afflict its close relative the Oriental plane and London and. Was reported in the UK, there is no know cure of France disease... Iran, and the underlying wood stained dark reddish‐brown to bluish‐black that feed on the.! Of a sterile knife or gouge diseases is called canker stain of plane-trees positive findings of platani! Listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC a more specific search e.g lining! For details of a sterile increment borer tangentially ( not radially as ). And these can persist in soil and on un-sterilised pruning and cutting tools help identifying! Cuts and damage sparse foliage, small leaves, and the cambial of... And by water canker, wilt and then death of … the disease would have remained undetected it! Present in Australia, however, this disease affects the water-conducting vessels of trees! Considered to be a darkened, flattened area on the trunk and larger branches stunted growth. And garden centres make the bark to Identify the necrosis edge by of... Identify the necrosis edge by means of pictures and an ID plate ) both tree...